Nova
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I have never personally seen a case where a jury took this charge and decided a plaintiff was at fault because they could have avoided the accident. As I said, it is charged by defendants in hopes of mitigating damages.
For example - let's say a defendant slams his vehicle into the back of a plaintiff and causes the plaintiff injury. The defendant has liability, of course, for causing the collision, but what if the plaintiff was traveling below the speed limit in the left lane of an empty four-lane highway.....it could be argued (with limited success, perhaps, but argued nonetheless) that the plaintiff should have seen the defendant coming and gotten out of the way by moving to the right and/or following the posted speed limit.
Another example - and one that is more common - a person makes a questionable left hand turn on a green light and is struck by another vehicle. Who might be at fault in such a scenario depends on lots of things, but the attorneys of the person blamed for the accident will surely try to argue and charge that the other person could have somehow avoided it.
Don;t know if those make sense....it is early and I haven;t had enough coffee yet!
I think I get it now.
For example, the pharmacist gives me a bottle of little green pills, which turn out to be the wrong medication. However, on the front of the vial it clearly states the correct medication comes in large red pills. (I don't know about other states, but here in CA, my meds are marked in this manner.)
When I take the little green pills, get sick and sue the pharmacist, his lawyer argues that I had an obligation to read the info on the label and avoid the tort by realizing the green pills were the wrong meds.
Whether or not that exonerates the pharmacist--in whole or in part--may be left to a judge or jury to decide. (Juries being the way they are, they probably find a way to split the difference unless I can prove the pharmacist has a history of such errors.)
Well, I wish 'em luck convincing anyone than an 87-year-old woman on a public sidewalk could have and should have avoided an out-of-control bicycle, regardless of the age of the rider.