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You'd think he would be wondering if someone poisoned her with such high levels of cyanide, wouldn't you?
It does appear that cyanimide is often used in creatine production, but even if cyanide was a by product, it seems difficult to see concetrations would be so high. Furthermore, it appears from what I have read that if you buy high quality creatine supplements then you are far less likely to get harmful byproducts.
From a Patent (~1999/2000)
"Currently, creatine is mainly prepared by chemical synthesis, i.e. through reaction of cyanamide with N-methylglycine (sarcosine)...The process for producing creatine or creatine-monohydrate according to present invention does not use cyanamide as the raw material, thus does not produce harmful by-products such as cyanide and ammonia."
http://www.google.com/patents/US6326513
From a Manufacturer:
"Creatine is a white, flavorless, odorless fine powder. It is produced from cyanamide and sarcosinate using the cyanamide route in a patented manufacturing process. Creatine can contain the impurities creatinine, dicyandiamide, and dihydrotriazine derivatives, and diligent checks for their presence need to be performed during the creatine manufacturing process....At AlzChem, the quality of our creatine is an important safety factor. We produce the cyanamide here at our site, and the sarcosinate is purchased from a certified German manufacturer.
http://www.creapure.com/en/creapure-in-athletics/manufacturer/quality-management
Research Abstract on NIH (2001)
"A major point that related to the quality of creatine monohydrate products is the amount of creatine ingested in relation to the amount of contaminants present. During the industrial production of creatine monohydrate from sarcosine and cyanamide, variable amounts of contaminants (dicyandiamide, dihydrotriazines, creatinine, ions) are generated and, thus, their tolerable concentrations (ppm) must be defined and made consumers known."
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11317142
Investigators removed three vacuum cleaners, a computer tower, and even towed the couple's cars as neighbors still worked to process Klein's sudden death. FBI has not ruled suicide out but family says no.
"We cannot imagine someone harming our daughter, but from what we're told, she could not have harmed herself," Dr. Autumn Marie Klein's parents, William and Lois Klein told ABC News in a prepared statement.
http://abcnews.go.com/US/pa-doctors-parents-harmed/story?id=19108708#.UYWDNk3D85s
Assistant County Prosecutor Steven Dever said in his opening statements Monday that Rosemarie Essa was headed out the door to spend time with a friend Feb. 25, 2005, when her husband handed her a calcium supplement laced with cyanide. She took the pill and began to lose consciousness on her journey, crossing the median and clipping another car on Wilson Mills Road in Highland Heights.
Dever told jurors that Yazeed Essa expected his wife's car accident to camouflage his crime. But Rosemarie Essa was pronounced dead within the hour at Hillcrest Hospital, despite having suffered no injuries in the accident.
Balraj described for jurors how cyanide works on the human body. The poison is a chemical asphyxiant, she said. It bonds to the nucleus of tissue cells in the body, particularly those of the brain, and starves them of oxygen. As the poison takes hold, the victim vomits, has trouble breathing and becomes anxious. The skin tone appears pink, and the body often wreaks of the bitter odor of burnt almonds -- especially upon opening the body cavities during autopsy, Balraj said.
Defense attorney Mark Marein, during his cross examination, asked Balraj whether she believed that a trained physician, who knows the distinctive and recognizable symptoms of cyanide poisoning, would be taking a huge risk in using the poison to murder.
Balraj said not everyone can smell the odor, and many of the other symptoms are characteristic of other disorders.
The coroner said her staff spent the first few weeks after Rosemarie Essa's death ruling out causes of death including diseases, alcohol or drug overdose.
"If you have reason to believe ... that drugs may have been involved [in a mysterious failure of health], then you would move toward a drug screening," said Cyril Wecht, the former Allegheny County coroner. "But I do not believe that you would be doing a cyanide test. I don't believe that is going to be ordered, that anybody is going to be thinking about cyanide."
Dr. Wecht said he has been hired by Jerry Johnson, the attorney representing Robert J. Ferrante, Dr. Klein's husband. Neither Mr. Johnson nor Mr. Ferrante could be reached Saturday.
...As a patient clung to life, as Dr. Klein did throughout April 18 and 19, the likelihood of cyanide being the culprit would wane, added Dr. Edberg, now a forensic pathology consultant. "I'm really puzzled why she lived that long with cyanide in her blood," he said.
Would doctors call the police if they found toxins or were just flummoxed?
"Leaving out trauma, and even if you found drugs, you don't notify law enforcement in my opinion," Dr. Wecht said. "If you find a toxic substance, you might report that to the police."
Dr. Edberg countered that police can be brought in prior to death.
"If you start thinking about poisons, then you would call in law enforcement," he said. "You'd want to know what's contained on the scene" where the ailment was first noted.
A UPMC spokeswoman declined to say when or whether doctors at UPMC Presbyterian conducted a cyanide test, citing the ongoing investigation.
Dr. Williams declined to talk about the specifics of the case, but said it would be very unusual for his office -- or for police -- to become involved prior to death, absent obvious indications of criminality.
...Dr. Williams said that the office doesn't stop a cremation unless it has a reason to. He would not discuss when or how that sign-off occurred in Dr. Klein's case.
http://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2013...h-if-Pittsburgh-physician/UPI-59951367681199/Investigators said they are treating the "highly suspicious" death of a Pittsburgh doctor from apparent cyanide poisoning as a homicide.
Investigators said it would take a few weeks for test results to confirm cyanide poisoning but the initial investigation showed indications of toxic levels of cyanide in the bloodstream of Dr. Autumn Klein, who died last month, WPXI-TV, Pittsburgh, said.
"I do not believe this could have been an accident," said Rick Lorah, forensic supervisor for the medical examiner. "The death of this 41-year old physician is highly suspicious."
This story is not just in daily mail.
"The medical examiner's office has reportedly issued subpoenas to the university to gain insight into the movement of chemicals, including cyanide, in and out of the lab. CBS Pittsburgh reports search warrants are specifically being used to obtain cyanide from the lab where Ferrante works."
http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-504083_...ittsburgh-doctor-dead-from-cyanide-poisoning/
Article talking about 911 call:
The call-taker wrote that Mr. Ferrante, a professor of neurological surgery, told dispatchers he thought his wife might be having a stroke and that "about 10 minutes ago" she began "just staring off into space."
A medic unit was dispatched at 11:56 p.m. and a note made in the system at 11:57 p.m. says, "Female is groaning right now ... is conscious and breathing."
Read more: http://www.post-gazette.com/stories...-call-for-ailing-doctor-686204/#ixzz2SWnxjot5
Also in article there is info about donation of organs and cyanide. I wonder if she really would be able to moan or stare into space after that very large dose of cyanide.
http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/video/poi...mplicate-19116222?tab=9482931§ion=1206833Robert ferrante has hired world-renowned pathologist cyril wecht to conduct his own investigation. He points out some people use cyanide to kill themselves. This is not a common way of suicide, though 70% of cyanide deaths are suicides.
http://www.standard.net/stories/2013/05/03/cyanide-deaths-gruesome-rareJohn Trestrail, a pharmacist who specializes in studying criminal poisoning cases, said that in his database of known poisoning homicides, cyanide made up only 8 percent of the cases, and that over a 20-year period in the United States, all types of poisoning comprised less than two-tenths of 1 percent of total homicides.
Cyanide is used for suicides more often than homicides, he and other experts said, but even there, one 10-year study in New York City found that out of about 6,500 suicides, only 17 involved cyanide.
Wecht has not looked at the case yet, can not talk specifics, but he can talk about cyanide. If someone ingests a small amount — about the size an aspirin, maybe two — death comes quickly.
“If you take, let’s say enough, three, four hundred milligrams,” he said, “you probably will die quickly.”
He said it would only take a minute or two.
Regarding this case, there has been talk that Klein was taking the supplement creatine, that it produces an amount of cyanide in the body.
Dr. Wecht addressed the creatine issue.
“There might be a small amount of cyanide formed from keratin, but not a large amount,” Wecht said. “You’d have to be taking huge, huge quantities of creatine.”
Wecht also suggest that cyanide is very difficult to come by.
“I think that you would have to have a commercial laboratory of some kind,” he said. “I think you would have to be registered, or have an industrial complex that buys industrial cyanide and so on.”