March 17
““Once these mutations are correlated with the existing public health scenario, only then we can say that these new variants are a matter of concern. As of now, we need to do much more to build these correlations, and that is why it is important to do more genome sequencing on samples from Maharashtra. More scientific evidence is needed to say with certainty that the surge in Maharashtra is attributable to new variants,” he said.
More than 1,200 virus samples from Maharashtra have so far been sent for genome sequencing, at the Pune-based National Institute of Virology, and the National Centre for Cell Science. So far, two mutants, named E484Q and L452R, are being further investigated. Initial studies have shown that E484Q mutant can possibly escape antibody neutralisation, while L452R can increase the rate of infection. The samples that initially showed these two mutants were from Akola and Amravati. More detailed studies are being carried out.
“We do not have definite signals of any particular new variant that is pushing the
pandemic surge, but work is underway at the genomic surveillance consortium of ten national institutes (called INSACOG) to work on genome sequencing of virus samples,” NITI Aayog member Dr V K Paul said at a media briefing in New Delhi on Wednesday.“
NCDC seeks more samples to explain surge in Maharashtra
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“New Delhi: Top sources in the Union Health Ministry reportedly revealed that the novel COVID-19 double mutant variant has been found in at least ten states in India. The double mutations could be responsible for the massive spike in coronavirus cases in the country, the sources said.
According to a report in NDTV, government sources said the states where double mutant strains have been found include Delhi, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and West Bengal.“
[...]
“What is a double mutant variant?
A double mutation is when two mutates strains of a virus come together to form a new third strain.
BBM:
However, health experts have said that the double mutant variant may be less dangerous than expected as the most vulnerable patients are having only mild illnesses.“
New Double Mutant COVID Strain In At Least 10 States; UK Variant In 18-19 States
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Explained: B.1.617 variant and the surge
Genome sequencing data have presented evidence of the 'double mutant' in 61% of samples in Maharashtra. But whether this new variant is driving India's ongoing surge can be said only after more data is available.
“What is the B.1.617?
The B.1.617 variant of SARS-CoV-2 carries two mutations, E484Q and L452R. Both are separately found in many other coronavirus variants, but they have been reported together for the first time in India.
The two mutations are found in the virus’s spike protein. The spike protein helps the virus to bind itself to the human cell’s receptors and gain entry into a host cell.
The E484Q mutation is similar to E484K, a mutation found in the United Kingdom (lineage B.1.1.7) and South Africa (B.1.351) variants of the coronavirus.
The L452R mutation has been found in fast spreading variants in California (B.1.427 and B.1.429). It can increase the binding power of spike proteins with ACE2 receptors on human cells, making it more transmissible. L452R can also potentially enhance viral replication.
Together, E484Q and L452R are more infectious, and can evade antibodies.“
*more at link
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Maharashtra: double mutant found in 61% samples tested
“The National Institute of Virology (NIV), Pune, has shared data with laboratories in Maharashtra showing that of 361
Covid-19 samples taken in Maharashtra from January to March and genome sequenced, 61% or 220 had the double mutation E484Q and L452R, now classified as B.1.617 lineage.
On March 24, the Central government had announced the detection of a double mutant variant in “15-20% samples in Maharashtra” but did not link the variant with the second surge in the state.
At a meeting on April 10, NIV officials made a presentation to all district heads of government laboratories. The meeting was organised by the Directorate of Medical Education and Research under the Medical Education and Drugs Department of Maharashtra.
The genome sequencing results were shared in the presentation, but officials said the state government is yet to receive a written report on this. “It has been communicated to us only verbally,” said an official. Health Minister Rajesh Tope said the state government had asked the Centre for a detailed report on the genome sequencing of all the Maharashtra samples.“