SARS-CoV-2 Variants - Coronavirus COVID-19 **NO DISCUSSION**

CIDRAP / Feb 25, 2021
New COVID-19 variants found in New York, California

NY variant may create vaccine issues
In New York, a new variant that carries a mutation that may weaken the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines has been identified as the B.1.526 variant. It was first discovered in November, and now accounts for about one in four viral sequences in a database shared by scientists, according to the New York Times.

In a paper published today from Columbia University, the authors noted a steady increase in the detection rate of B.1.526 cases from late December to mid-February, with a rise of 12.3% in the past 2 weeks.

Cases have been detected across New York City, researchers said, and threaten to once again make the city a hot spot of viral infection. They say the strain's "unique set of spike mutations may also pose an antigenic challenge for current interventions," such as vaccines and monoclonal antibody therapies.“
 
The big hole in America's plan to fight Covid-19 variants

“The global scramble to produce enough Covid-19 vaccine for 7 billion people is about to get even tougher, as drugmakers and countries ready a second round of shots to combat the growing threat of virus variants.

Finding vaccines that can ward off more contagious or virulent strains is only half the battle. The United States has virtually no capacity to manufacture revised vaccines or booster shots alongside the original versions, according to a half-dozen vaccine experts and Biden administration health officials. Setting up additional facilities could take months or even years.“
 
BBM:
What an epidemiologist says you should know about the P.1 variant in Mass. | Boston.com

‘The response needs to be pretty aggressive’: What an epidemiologist says you should know about the P.1 variant in Mass.
“We need to take these variants incredibly seriously, much more seriously than we’re doing now.”

“As of Wednesday, the state has also identified 977 cases of the B.1.1.7 variant, first detected in the United Kingdom, and 12 cases of the B.1.351 variant, initially found in South Africa, according to the CDC. Still, new data from the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard revealed that less than a month from the first detected P.1 case in Massachusetts, the variant had spread faster than any of the other virus strains in the Bay State.“
 
Why Canada is losing the race between vaccines and variants as the 3rd wave worsens
Variants rapidly outpacing vaccinations as third wave shows no signs of slowing down


“More than 15,000 cases of the more transmissible and potentially more deadly variants have been reported across Canada to date, with more than 90 per cent of those being the B117 variant first identified in the United Kingdom.

But the P1 variant first discovered in Brazil is also on the rise in Canada, with cases doubling in the past week to close to 1,000 — mostly in British Columbia, Ontario and Alberta.

And the B1351 variant first found in South Africa is also picking up steam, with over 150 casesidentified in Quebec, more than 70 in Ontario and over 50 in B.C as of Tuesday.

But experts say Canada's slow vaccine roll out has failed to keep up with the exponential rise in variants in the third wave and the premature loosening of restrictions has led to an increase in hospitalizations and deaths — even in younger Canadians.

[...]

“Canada's Chief Public Health Officer Dr. Theresa Tam says another unanswered question that has huge implications for our ability to control the third wave is whether variants like P1 pose a threat to COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness.

"This virus might be capable of evading the immune response," she said. "But we do not have an actual vaccine effectiveness estimate that is solidified."“



Canada Covid-19: Variants have likely replaced original virus in many parts of the country, health officials say - CNN

“Canadian public health officials say a rapidly spreading variant likely has now replaced the original Covid-19 virus in many parts of the country, and new variants are making younger people sicker and sending more to the hospital.

"This isn't the news any of us wanted, but hospitalizations are surging, ICU beds are filling up, variants are spreading and even people who had convinced themselves they didn't need to be concerned are getting sick," Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said at a news conference Tuesday, adding this is a "very serious" third wave of the pandemic.

Trudeau made a pointed appeal to young people, urging them to "stay home" as younger Canadians are getting sicker in this third wave.

Intensive care unit admissions are up 18% in the past week alone, and the new variants are placing a "heavy strain" on hospital capacity, the Public Health Agency of Canada said.”

Coronavirus variants are ripping through Canada and Minnesota, and they're infecting younger people most, officials warn






Canada's COVID-19 surge shows danger of virus variants | king5.com
Washington's border crossing with Canada will stay closed to non-essential travel until at least April 21.

“Canada is experiencing a surge of COVID-19 cases, driven by coronavirus variants.

“These are higher-transmission and maybe a higher-severity type of COVID-19 that was probably introduced in B.C. or started spreading in B.C. around January and early February,” said Caroline Colijn, a professor at Simon Fraser University in British Columbia



COVID-19 variants in Canada mean Yukon rules to stay: territory's health officer


“At what rate are the variants spreading in B.C.?
On December 27, the first case of a variant of concern was announced in B.C., and by March 1, the province announced there had been a total of 158 cases.

Since then, that number has quickly risen — to 880 cases on March 15, 2,643 cases on April 1, and 3,766 cases just five days later.

As of April 6, this included 2,838 cases of the B117 variant, 877 cases of the P1 variant, and 51 cases of the B1351 variant.

The province says 90 per cent of all positive tests are now screened for variants, a number much larger than many other jurisdictions — the United States was testing less than 10 per cent of cases for variants of concern last month.“

What we know — and don't know — about variants in B.C. right now



“'Worrisome' spread of P1
B.C. is now being identified by epidemiologists across the world as a notable hotspot for the P1 variant that has spread unchecked through Brazil, where COVID-19 has killed more than 300,000 people.

Dr. Eric Feigl-Ding, a Washington, D.C.-based epidemiologist and health economist, says the accelerating community spread of mutations in B.C. is "worrisome."

He said that the P1 variant is more than twice as transmissible as the original coronavirus and initial data suggests it causes higher mortality rates and affects younger people more than the initial strain.

Feigl-Ding, a senior fellow at the Federation of American Scientists, raised the alarm a few weeks ago when he compared B.C. to Florida, where variants are also growing in number.“

Coronavirus variants causing growing alarm in B.C. as cases surge, hospitalizations rise
Number of cases involving more transmissible P1 variant almost doubled over Easter weekend: health minister
 
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U.S. cases involving Brazil variant on the rise, according to CDC data

“As new U.S. coronavirus cases trend upward — with nearly 80,000 new infections reported Thursday — health officials are warning about the spread of multiple, more transmissible variants, some of which have seeded outbreaks in states such as Michigan and California.

On Thursday, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention released new data on emerging variants, including those first identified in Brazil, Britain and South Africa. The B.1.1.7 variant initially detected in Britain accounts for almost 20,000 cases in all 50 states — and has become the dominant strain, officials say.

For the first time, however, the P.1 variant that originated in Brazil has taken the No. 2 spot. At least 434 people in the United States have been infected with the variant, which has devastated Brazil, with the largest number of cases found in Massachusetts, Illinois and Florida.“



 
India records spike in Covid-19 cases as several variants detected, prompting fears of a second wave - CNN
March 25, 2021

“The rise in cases comes as the country's top researchers announced that there are nearly 800 variants of concern present in the country.

The Indian SARS-CoV-2 Consortium on Genomics -- which has been carrying out genome sequencing and analysis of coronavirus strains since December -- says 771 cases of variants of concern have been detected in India. Most of the cases are the coronavirus variant first identified in the UK, according to a statement from the Indian Ministry of Health on Wednesday.“

[...]

“From around 10,787 samples analyzed by the Indian SARS-CoV-2 Consortium on Genomics from 18 states, 771 cases of variants of concern were detected, the majority of which were the UK strain, according to the Ministry of Health. Thirty-four were the variant first identified in South Africa and one was variant P.1 from Brazil.
The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare also said it has found a variant with mutations that don't match previously identified variants of concern.”
 
“The strain first found in the UK, the B.1.1.7 variant, has 23 mutations compared to the original strain found in Wuhan, according to the American Society of Microbiology.

The Brazil variant known as P.1 has 17 mutations, and the South Africa variant known as B.1.351 also has multiple mutations, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

How dangerous a mutation is depends on where in the virus it's happening. For instance, the South Africa variant has mutations that change the structure of the spike protein, which appear to affect the receptor binding domain -- the part of the spike protein most important for attaching to and infecting cells. Researchers are now investigating whether it could help the virus partly escape the effects of vaccines.“

India records spike in Covid-19 cases as several variants detected, prompting fears of a second wave - CNN
March 25, 2021
 
Brazil finds new virus variant combining 18 mutations
Strain in Belo Horizonte city has common characteristics with variants that already circulate in country, says virologist
April 8, 2021


“"It is as if these variants were evolving," Santana said, adding the new variant includes the same genes modified by Brazil's Manaus, known as P1, British and South African variant.

Noting that it is early to assess whether the new strain more transmissible or deadly, he said that it has mutations in common with variants that are already associated with a higher risk of death.“
 
“Earlier in the pandemic, not many children were becoming infected withthe coronavirus, and they did not appear to be major sources of virus transmission to other age groups. “That changed with B.1.1.7,” says epidemiologist Michael Osterholm, director of the Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy. “We're now seeing substantial numbers of outbreaks in schools and in school-related activities.”

In a study conducted in the U.K., where this variant was first detected, more children were infected with B.1.1.7 than other SARS-CoV-2 variants, compared to older age groups. The same scenario is now emerging in the U.S.”

How this more contagious virus variant became dominant in the U.S.
 
B.1.1.7
Reported Cases in US - 20915
Number of Jurisdictions Reporting - 52


B.1.351
Reported Cases in US - 453
Number of Jurisdictions Reporting - 36


P.1
Reported Cases in US - 497
Number of Jurisdictions Reporting - 31

Updated April 10, 2021
CDC / COVID-19 and Your Health
 
COVID In Colorado: Appearance Of Brazilian Variant Making State's Medical Community 'A Little Bit Jittery'

“DENVER (CBS4)– Colorado health officials are once again reporting a rise in the number of COVID-19 variants in the state, and CBS4 Medical Editor Dr. Dave Hnida says one in particular has doctors on edge: the Brazilian (P.1) variant.”

[...]

“Last week, Colorado state epidemiologist Dr. Rachel Herlihy said there is some limited data on the Brazilian variant showing reduced vaccine effectiveness.

“We always worry about just how effective the vaccines are going to be. Each week there becomes an increasing risk that the vaccines will become less effective against things like the Brazilian variant, as well as the other variants.“
 

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