UK - Nurse Lucy Letby Faces 22 Charges - 7 Murder/15 Attempted Murder of Babies #9

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  • #281
10:23am

The courtroom at Manchester Crown Court is now filling up with lawyers, reporters, court staff and members of the pubic gallery.

LIVE: Lucy Letby trial, Wednesday, January 18

LadyE are you wishing to do the updates today?
 
  • #282
  • #283
10:30am

Lucy Letby has now also appeared in court.

10:31am


The judge, Mr Justice James Goss, has also now entered the court.
The trial will now be resuming.

10:35am

Nicholas Johnson KC reminds members of the jury where the case is up to in terms of the prosecution evidence.
The case surrounds the events of Child G, where there are three counts of attempted murder. The first count, dated September 7, 2015, has been dealt with.
The prosecution case is dealing with the other two counts of attempted murder on September 21, 2015. It is the prosecution's case that Lucy Letby attempted to murder the baby girl, who cannot be named. The defence deny this was the case.

 
  • #284
10:38am

Independent medical expert Dr Dewi Evans, who has given evidence previously, has been recalled to provide evidence in relation to Child G, for one of the two September 21, 2015 events, when Child G vomited and desaturated.

10:42am

The court is reminded that Child G was born on May 31, 2015, at Arrowe Park Hospital at a gestational age of 23 weeks and six days - the most premature birth of any baby involved in this case.
She was transferred to the Countess of Chester Hospital on August 13, 2015.
Previously the court heard Child G had an incident of projectile vomiting on September 7, and was transferred to Arrowe Park Hospital the following day.
She returned to the Countess hospital's neonatal unit on September 16, with the next incident happening on September 21.
Dr Evans is now explaining what he observed for the morning of September 21. He said the vomiting was "extremely worrying" and came with concern of the "life-threatening" desaturation levels.

10:46am


The court is shown Lucy Letby's nursing note from that morning 'At 10.15 x2 large projectile milky vomits, brief self resolving apnoea and desaturation to 35% with colour loss. NG tube aspirated'.
Letby had given Child G a feed at 9am, the note recorded.
The note also adds Child G's abdomen was 'soft' and 'distended'.
A doctor's note for the incident records Child G 'was apnoeic for 6-10 seconds, went blue, sats down to 30%. Last feed 9am'.
Dr Evans confirms he has seen these notes.


 
  • #285
10:50am

Dr Evans said an important feature was the abdomen was larger and distended. He says that could be due to an abdomen full of milk, full of air, or a combination.
He says that is despite the vomiting which would mean the contents of the stomach
"This is a very significant, concerning issue", he adds, in combination with Child G's oxygen saturation levels dropping.
Dr Evans said there was "one explanation", which was that Child G had been given "far more milk via the naso-gastric feed".
Child G had been tolerating 40mls of milk, which would not explain "two large projectile vomits" plus "30mls of milk left in her stomach".
Dr Evans says Child G received "lots more milk" which had resulted in the episode.
He says it could have been milk, could have been air, or a combination of the two, but difficult to say what levels of each would have been administered.

10:53am

Ben Myers KC, for Letby's defence, is now asking Dr Evans questions about the September 21, 2015 incident.
He says one of Dr Evans' earlier reports said there had not been evidence of a life-threatening event for September 21.
Dr Evans said he "overlooked" it when looking through 4,000+ pages of evidence, which had included these nursing notes.


 
  • #286
10:58am

Mr Myers is now asking about a nursing note by nurse Melanie Taylor on September 30, 2015, which Dr Evans identified.
The note includes Child G had desaturations, with 'one profound desat/apnoea requiring position changed and oxygen this morning'.
Dr Evans had recorded the observations required further looking at.
Mr Myers returns to the September 21 incident, and says the 'projectile vomiting' is a cause for concern that Dr Evans identified.
Mr Myers says the incident does not record the amount of vomit, or how far it travelled (unlike the September 7 incident).
Dr Evans said it was not a 'self-resolving' incident, and it was significant that Child G vomited twice, and stopped breathing.
He said it was "a serious event", but not as serious as the one on September 7, 2015.
Mr Myers says the incident was "brief".

11:04am

The court is shown a note from Dr Peter Fielding from September 21, 2015, in which the bowels were open and the stools were 'loose and green'.
Mr Myers asks if this is a sign of Child G's overall poor health.
Dr Evans says loose stools would be common in babies.
Mr Myers asks if there was a more marked history of Child G vomiting upon her return from Arrowe Park in September 16, 2015. Dr Evans said the events of September 7 left her a "significantly changed baby", and agrees vomiting was more likely.
Child G was then receiving feeding by tube.

11:05am

Mr Myers says there are "numerous" occasions of Child G vomiting from September 16, and the incident on September 21 followed a pattern.
Dr Evans says he agrees due to "basic arithmetic", in that Child G still had 30mls of milk in the stomach after a 40mls milk feed and "two projectile vomits".

11:07am

Mr Myers says "we don't know" how much milk came up in those vomits. Dr Evans says the nursing notes are "pretty descriptive", and "no nurse" would describe two vomits as "5ml each", as that would amount to "a teaspoon each".
It "had to be" more than 40mls milk feed at 9am, which would "also explain" the distended abdomen.

11:09am

The judge asks if there are any other entries of "projectile vomiting" recorded for Child G in the notes. Dr Evans says there is not.



 
  • #287
11:12am

Dr Sandie Bohin is now being recalled to give evidence, for the case of Child G.
Dr Bohin says Child G had been "tolerating well" up to September 21, and had "two large projectile vomits" after being given a 9am feed while asleep.

11:15am

Nicholas Johnson KC says Dr Bohin refers to a 6am, 45mls bottle feed of milk, and Lucty Letby records a 40mls naso-gastric tube feed of milk at 9am.
Following the two large projectile vomits, 30mls of milk was aspirated from Child G.
Dr Bohin says the event "just didn't add up" from the 40mls feed.
She says the two projectile vomits would have been "more than a mouthful of milk" of 5-10mls each, and "basic arithmetic" meant that more than 40mls of milk would have been administered at 9am.

11:19am

Mr Myers KC is now asking questions.
He asks Dr Bohin "we don't know" how much milk there was in Child G's stomach prior to the 9am feed.
Dr Bohin says that is the case, but Child G had been tolerating feeds well.
Dr Bohin says there is a difference between a posit (small vomit), a medium vomit and a large vomit.
Mr Myers says "we don't have the basic figures, do we?"
Dr Bohin says "we don't", but there are descriptions which nurses use to outline the quantities of vomit.
Mr Myers says the incident was not on the same level of the September 7 incident.
Dr Bohin disagrees, saying the incident was still serious. She agrees it "was not the same scale", as the events were "almost identical", even if the "repercussions" of what followed were not as serious as that on September 7.


 
  • #288
11:25am

Dr Bohin agrees that "vomiting became much more of a feature" for Child G upon her return from Arrowe Park Hospital, but says there were only records of projectile vomiting on September 7 and September 21.
Mr Myers says from October 3-8, 2015, Dr Bohin had recorded Child G had '1-2 vomits each day, vary from small to large, and some after a nappy change'.
A nursing note from October 8, shown to the court, records 'two large vomits' for Child G, and the feeding regime was changed as a result. On October 9, another nursing note records 'tolerating 3x8 [three feeds, eight hours apart] feeds well...x2 large digested milky vomits'. That is followed by another 'large vomit' on October 9.
Dr Bohin says the difference with these vomits is they are not projectile vomiting and did not cause Child G "to be medically compromised".

11:30am


Mr Myers refers to an incident of "projectile and quite large in size" vomiting for Child G on October 15, 2015.
Dr Bohin says he has looked through many documents and charts in this case, and may have overlooked that one incident of projectile vomiting.
Mr Myers refers to other 'large vomits' on October 17 and October 22, the latter 'with wind following feed'.
He refers to Child G's father's statement in which he said since September 7, he had seen Child G projectile vomit and covered the cot.
Dr Bohin says "with the greatest of respect", parents can refer to "projectile vomiting" when they mean "vomiting".


 
  • #289
11:37am

Nicholas Johnson KC is now relaying Letby's interviews with police. Letby recalls Child G and could not remember why she had taken over care of her.
She said "sometimes babies vomit, but not very often is it a projectile vomit".
She said she was not involved in Child G's feed. She recalled she may have gone over to Child G when she heard vomiting.
She was asked about the significance of the air in the NGT. She says sometimes air is taken in when babies vomit.
She said she was not sure of the cause of the air in Child G's abdomen.
She was asked about the "profound desaturation" on September 7, 2015. She could not clearly recall who was there at the time, or where she was at the time.
For September 21, 2015, Letby had a "vague recollection" of the shift.
She said it was a "busy shift" and she was "looking after other babies as well" at that time.
She said there had been "no issue" with the 9am feed, and could not clearly recall the vomit at 10.15am.
She was later re-interviewed. For September 7, Letby could not recall any concerns with Child G prior to the event.
She said there were two possibilities - that Child G had received more than 45mls of milk, or there was undigested milk in the stomach. She denied force-feeding milk or administering air to Child G.
For September 21, Letby agreed Child G's stomach would have been empty when the feed began. She denied intentionally harming the baby girl.
In the third police interview, Letby was asked again about the September 21, 2015 incident. She said she remembered going behind the screen and seeing Child G. She did not recall seeing a monitor which had been switched off. She denied switching the monitor off.
She agreed it was bad practice to switch the monitor off, and "someone had made a mistake" in switching the monitor off and leaving the child behind a screen unobserved.

11:41am

That concludes the evidence for Child G.
The prosecution will now begin delivering evidence for Child H.
The prosecution say there are two counts of attempted murder for Child H, a baby girl born at the Countess of Chester Hospital on September 22, 2015.

 
  • #290
11:50am

The case will resume after a short break.

 
  • #291
Just copying over BBC Tweets for the morning

https://twitter.com/MrDanDonoghue

I'm back at Manchester Crown Court this morning where Lucy Letby's murder trial is due to resume. Court hasn't sat since mid-December, first due to the Christmas break and secondly due to juror absences. We're first expecting to hear from medical experts in relation to Child G.

Prosecutor Nick Johnson is on his feet and is reminding the jury of the circumstances of Child G. Ms Letby is accused of attempting to murder the infant three times at the Countess of Chester Hospital in September 2015

The prosecution alleges Ms Letby overfed Child G with milk through a nasogastric tube or injected air into the same tube. The nurse denies all charges.

Medical expert Dr Dewi Evans, who was asked to review the case by Cheshire Police, is now in the witness box

Dr Evans is taking the court back over an incident from 21 September 2015. At around 10:20am, Child G projectile vomited twice and her blood saturations fell to 30%. Dr Evans says this is 'very, very low and life threatening'

The court is shown Ms Letby's nursing note from that morning: 'At 10.15 x2 large projectile milky vomits, brief self resolving apnoea and desaturation to 35% with colour loss. NG tube aspirated'. Letby had given Child G a feed at 9am, the note recorded.

Dr Evans says in his professional opinion, Child G was given 'far more milk during her NG feed' than the planned 40ml. He said 'if you had been given 40ml of milk then it would not explain how she had two large projectile vomits and still 30ml of milk left in her stomach'

He says in his conclusion, Child G had received an 'excessive amount of milk' and 'that caused this episode'

Ben Myers KC, defending, puts it to Dr Evans that this was a 'relatively brief and self resolving event'. He disagrees, saying it was 'much worse than that'. Mr Myers quotes a doctor who was present at the time and described it in that way, Dr Evans disagrees with that assessment

Dr Sandie Bohin, who reviewed Dr Evans' findings, is now in the witness box

Dr Bohin agrees with Dr Evans' assessment, she says that the 'feed at 9am that was given via a NG tube was in excess of 40ml'. She says it is a matter of 'simple arithmetic' - given the amount of milk (30ml) left in her stomach and the two projectile vomits

Dr Bohin says the events of 21 September were 'strikingly similar' to another vomiting event on 7 September, she says they were 'almost identical'

Mr Myers, defending, is taking the court through Child G's medical notes from the days and weeks after 21 September which show further vomiting events. He puts it to Dr Bohin that there 'is a pattern of large vomits'

Dr Bohin says the 'difference is these were not projectile vomits that caused her to be clinically compromised'

Mr Myers pulls up a note from 15 October which notes Child G had 'projectile vomit quite large in size'...Dr Bohin says she has reviewed many of Child G's feeding records and says she 'missed' that incident of projectile vomiting

Prosecution is now reading a summary of Ms Letby's police interview in relation to Child G. On the infant's collapse on 21 September, she had a 'vague' recollection of that day - 'which was a busy shift'

Ms Letby said there 'had been no issue with her 9am feed' and could not remember the vomits recorded in her notes

Ms Letby said she 'had not overfed or administered air to Child G and denied intentionally harming her'

Asked about making numerous Facebook searches for Child G's mum, she said she 'couldn't remember having done that'

That brings to an end the case of Child G. We're now moving on to Child H. Ms Letby is accused of attempting to murder the infant, twice at the Countess of Chester Hospital in September 2015.

Court having a 10minute break - after which statements from the parents of Child H, who survived, are due to be read. Both parents are in court.
 
  • #292
I’m not sure but I don’t think this is the first time LL has said babies can ingest air when vomiting and Dr Bohin said it doesn’t happen. That could be a potential cover story, one made perhaps in a premeditated way.

“Asked about Letby’s explanation in police interview that babies can take in a lot of air when vomiting, Dr Bohin said: “That’s not correct. Babies do not take in air when vomiting. If you are vomiting, things are coming out not coming in.”


however I’m not sure that’s fitting with other facts in this case of baby G. Earlier LL recorded herself the aspiration of 45mm of milk and air. If she had deliberately injected air knowing it would be difficult to measure and or ascertain it’s presence as normal why would she record in the notes the results of her own attempt to harm the baby? I would sooner think she would not record it. Isn’t that more fitting with someone trying to hide the harm they have caused?


“Shortly after the vomiting episode, the court heard that Letby noted she had withdrawn 45ml of milk, together with “air++”, from Child G’s stomach.”

 
  • #293
11:57am

A statement from Child H's mother is being read out to the court.

12:02pm


She says Child H was born in September 2015, and had "a healthy pregnancy", the only complication being she was a type 1 diabetic. Checks were carried out, but they were primarily for the mother's benefit, not the child.
She was admitted to medical care in September 2015 as her blood sugar levels kept dropping. Once there, staff talked about the possibility of inducing.
She went to hospital and had the view she was not gto give birth for a few weeks. She was then visited by a consultant and told that, on September 22, for the birth to take place. There was a complication in that Child H would be a couple of weeks premature.
There were also 'no beds available' in the neonatal unit, or in any other equivalent centres, even as far away as Birmingham.
As preparations were made for the mum to give birth, a bed in the neonatal unit became available.
The birth took place, and Child H was "absolutely fine" and "might not even need to go to the NNU".
Both parents were allowed to hold the baby girl, but she became pale and began grunting.
Child H was then taken to the NNU for oxygen as she was "struggling to breathe".

 
  • #294
12:10pm

The mother adds Child H was put on CPAP to assist her breathing.
The parents tried to go into the NNU and were informed that Child H had been placed on a ventilator. They were "quite annoyed" they had not been informed about this, and staff said they had been busy and no-one had found the time to inform them.
After several x-rays, it was established Child H had suffered a suspected lung puncture. The parents remained with her, but could not pick her up.
The following morning, nursing staff said the mum had to come to the NNU "right away" and inform the father to come too.
Child H was being treated, with "lots of medical" people surrounding her. They were resuscitating Child H.
The mum was told to sit with Child H and hold her hand. The staff successfully brought Child H back. The staff could not explain her "cardiac collapse".
Child H was then "doing really well" that day.
The parents had just gone to bed when staff knocked on the door. They said Child H was "not responding".
The parents were met with an "almost identical scene" as Child H was surrounded by medical staff. "Fortunately" this collapse did not last as long.
Following this, Child H was transferred to Arrowe Park Hospital on September 27.
The staff there removed and replaced the ventilator. They checked Child H over and a brain scan "fortunately showed no long-term damage".
Child H "improved dramatically" as soon as she was at Arrowe Park, and within 24 hours she was off a ventilator and back on to CPAP. 24 hours later she was then taken off CPAP, and made "a dramatic improvement".
She was then taken back to the Countess, and the "only difficulty" at that point was getting her to feed.
Child H stayed in the NNU until October 9, when she was discharged "earlier than normal" for a baby outpatient.
There had been "no long-term complications whatsoever" for Child H.

12:16pm

The father's statement is now read out to court.
Child H was "quite healthy" at birth, but was "grimacing" and had complications with breathing, so was taken to the NNU.
The father says he was able to see Child H soon after, and saw she was on an incubator, with breathing assistance.
He recalls being woken up on September 26 and being called to the hospital, and seeing "a lot of commotion going on". He remembers Lucy Letby being there, doing chest massaging.
It was explained to the parents Child H had had "a collapse". He recalls Child H was "a very strange colour" and had "mottling running towards her fingers". A doctor explained the pressurised air in the lungs had caused a tear.
The parents stayed with Child H that day, and she "remained ok that day".
He said it was after they had gone to bed that they had a knock on the door and returned to the NNU. The staff were in consultation with Arrowe Park.
The father says in the early hours of September 27, Child H was transferred to Arrowe Park, where she came on in "leaps and bounds".
The Arrowe Park was "a completely different setup" and staff were "more proactive", the father says.
Child H returned to the Countess of Chester Hospital and "nothing else really major happened" before she was discharged.


 
  • #295
I’m not sure but I don’t think this is the first time LL has said babies can ingest air when vomiting and Dr Bohin said it doesn’t happen. That could be a potential cover story, one made perhaps in a premeditated way.

“Asked about Letby’s explanation in police interview that babies can take in a lot of air when vomiting, Dr Bohin said: “That’s not correct. Babies do not take in air when vomiting. If you are vomiting, things are coming out not coming in.”


however I’m not sure that’s fitting with other facts in this case of baby G. Earlier LL recorded herself the aspiration of 45mm of milk and air. If she had deliberately injected air knowing it would be difficult to measure and or ascertain it’s presence as normal why would she record in the notes the results of her own attempt to harm the baby? I would sooner think she would not record it. Isn’t that more fitting with someone trying to hide the harm they have caused?


“Shortly after the vomiting episode, the court heard that Letby noted she had withdrawn 45ml of milk, together with “air++”, from Child G’s stomach.”

The shift-leader attended the baby with LL after the vomit. Baby had stopped breathing, her abdomen was distended and discoloured and the monitor alarm was sounding. LL aspirated the stomach in the presence of the other nurse and they administered oxygen. It was witnessed is the reason it was recorded, IMO.
 
  • #296
12:19pm

Intelligence analyst Kate Tyndall has been recalled to court to talk the court through the sequence of events for Child H, presented as an electronic bundle of evidence.
As before, the sequence of events features medical charts, nursing/doctors' notes, significant events, plus timestamped evidence of messages recovered from Lucy Letby's phone.
The events show Child H was admitted to the neonatal unit at 6.40pm on September 22, 2015, shortly after being born.

 
  • #297
I'm away from my computer until 1pm so if someone would like to do the updates until then or I'll catch them up at 1pm :)
 
  • #298
The shift-leader attended the baby with LL after the vomit. Baby had stopped breathing, her abdomen was distended and discoloured and the monitor alarm was sounding. LL aspirated the stomach in the presence of the other nurse and they administered oxygen. It was witnessed is the reason it was recorded, IMO.

any Reasons why the shift leader or other nurse didn’t note the presence of air as unusual and or questionable? Isn’t it a recurring feature in the cases as well that the presence of air in the stomach is noted?
 
  • #299
12:27pm

Letby sends a message to a nursing colleague on September 23 informing her she's rearranging her shifts, and will be working with her.
She also informs her mother she's working that night as an extra shift.
She also messages another colleague to say how busy the unit is likely to be that night.
The following day, Letby messages a colleague to say the "It's completely unsafe", followed by a frowning emoji.
She messages a friend that work is "extra mad" so she wouldn't be able to do hula hoop [exercise].
She messages a colleague on the number of babies in the unit, in reference to how busy it was on that shift, and how she had not had chance to 'catch up on Corrie' [Coronation Street].

12:35pm

Letby is then recorded as being the designated nurse for Child H for the night of September 24-25.
Dr Alison Ventress records clinical notes of a lung issue for Child H that night.
X-rays at 1.40am and 2.29am on September 25 were taken. Child H was diagnosed with a punctured left lung.
Dr Ravi Jayaram records a desaturation for Child H and a test was carried out for a collapsed lung.

12:36pm

Letby sent a text to a colleague at 3.07am on September 25: "Can I go now??"
The colleague responds a few minutes later: "Yes. Let's run off together and rescue [colleague] too."

LIVE: Lucy Letby trial, Wednesday, January 18
 
Last edited:
  • #300
12:43pm

Letby's medical note for the morning of September 25 recorded the "profound desaturation" at 5am, with the fings on the right hand noted to be white, along with a white patch on the abdomen.

LIVE: Lucy Letby trial, Wednesday, January 18
 
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