Each month, suicide companions in Indiana’s prisons monitor dozens of people on suicide watch. Prisons in
Kansas,
South Carolina,
Michigan and
New Mexico also use suicide companions. Federal prisons have used suicide companions since at least the 1980s, and prisons
outside the U.S. have similar programs.
“We've kind of gotten this idea of: Let's use our most abundant resource in the correction setting, which is inmates,” said
Christine Tartaro, a professor at Stockton University in New Jersey who studies suicide in prisons and jails. “Every prison has an abundance of inmates.”
Tartaro said companions aren’t meant to replace trained mental health staff.
“It could be tempting for budget-minded corrections facilities to just say, ‘Oh, we have these inmates. Therefore, I don't need to hire a psychologist. I don't need that social worker,’” she said.
...
But Tartaro said she sees the benefits of the suicide companion approach. Prisons are often understaffed, especially when it comes to counselors, and people in crisis may trust their peers more than doctors or guards.
In Indiana, the suicide companion program also helps cut costs.
“We're talking
hundreds of thousands of dollars saved every year in staff overtime,” said Bill Elliott, a psychologist who helped implement Indiana’s program. “The rewards were as much for the person being the companion as they were for the inmate patient who was being watched. It gave them a sense of meaning and fulfillment.”
A small
2005 study also found using suicide companions in federal settings reduced the time a suicidal individual spent on watch.