NM Involuntary Manslaughter Statute, 2021.
IIUC, this statute is the NM Invol M/S statute AB is charged under. Pls CORRECT ME, if I'm wrong. Please.
"Manslaughter is the unlawful killing of a human being without malice." [A. Voluntary Manslaughter]
"B. Involuntary manslaughter consists of manslaughter committed in the commission of an unlawful act not amounting to felony, or in the commission of a lawful act which might produce death in an unlawful manner or without due caution and circumspection."
"Whoever commits involuntary manslaughter is guilty of a fourth degree felony."
^ Source: Section 30-2-3 NMSA 1978,
<
Chapter 30 - Criminal Offenses - NMOneSource.com>,
retrieved on 03/14/2023.
From link, some relevant ref's. N.B: some rulings (seemingly?) conflict w others. Read the linked ct opn's.
"ANNOTATIONS"
"III. INVOLUNTARY MANSLAUGHTER."
"A. IN GENERAL."
"Involuntary manslaughter may be committed by both unlawful and lawful acts...."
"Distinction between lawful and unlawful acts. — In distinguishing between unlawful and lawful acts, the statute applies the language, defined by the courts to mean criminal negligence, only to the lawful act portion of the statute....."
"Criminal negligence is not element of involuntary manslaughter by unlawful act under Subsection B, nor the negligence which is a part of Section 30-7-4 NMSA 1978 (relating to negligent use or handling of a weapon)...."
"Homicide by vehicle statute preempts manslaughter statute. — The specific homicide by vehicle statute, Section 66-8-101 NMSA 1978, preempts the involuntary manslaughter statute in unintentional vehicular homicide cases...
"Careless driving statute, Section 66-8-114 NMSA 1978, which requires a showing of only civil negligence, cannot be used as the basis for involuntary manslaughter. State v. Yarborough...."
"B. PROXIMATE CAUSE."
"Proximate cause requisite for conviction. — Unlawful act must constitute proximate cause of the homicide to warrant a conviction of involuntary manslaughter. State v. Seward, 1942-NMSC-002, 46 N.M. 84, 121 P.2d 145."
"Proximate cause not necessarily direct immediate cause. — The act of defendant must be a proximate cause of death but need not be the direct immediate cause; it is sufficient if the direct cause resulted naturally from the act of accused. State v. Fields, 1964-NMSC-230, 74 N.M. 559, 395 P.2d 908."
"Heedless or reckless disregard of others. — To establish heedlessness or reckless disregard of the right of others, a particular state of mind that comprehends evidence of an utter irresponsibility on the part of the defendant or of a conscious abandonment of any consideration for the safety of passengers must be established. State v. Hayes, 1966-NMSC-260, 77 N.M. 225, 421 P.2d 439."
"V. JURY INSTRUCTIONS."
"Criminal negligence instruction. — A showing of criminal negligence is required for a conviction of involuntary manslaughter, and it was fundamental error for the trial court to have not so instructed the jury. State v. Kirby, 1996-NMSC-069, 122 N.M. 609, 930 P.2d 144."
"The mens rea for involuntary manslaughter is criminal negligence. — An involuntary manslaughter jury instruction is proper only when the evidence presented at trial permits the jury to find the defendant had a mental state of criminal negligence when engaging in the act causing the victim’s death. State v. Henley, 2010-NMSC-039, 148 N.M. 359, 237 P.3d 103."
@CGray123