As a teacher, here's what I know about the education system in relation to IQ and qualifications for different placements in the system. It's been reported by acquaintances that JLM was in remedial reading classes. I do not know the exact nature of the class, or if it has even been verified, but here's what I know about who gets placed where and with what label. (PaulaP, please jump in at any time with facts you know
).
If JLM was labeled as "Learning Disabled" in reading, that means that there was at least a 15 point discrepancy between his numerical IQ score and the score at which he performed in reading. That's where "Exceptional Children" or EC status comes in. If JLM was labeled as EC with SLD in reading, he likely has a normal IQ, but a reading performance that would be in the very low range, even looking like "mentally disabled" in reading, and is not, in fact anywhere near his IQ/ability level. That would
not mean that JLM is mentally disabled, though. It would simply mean he has a learning disability that interferes with his ability to process/comprehend written language.
If JLM were actually mentally disabled, with an IQ that was low enough to be in line with his reading performance scores, he would not be in a remedial reading course, most likely. Instead, he would be probably have been in a separate setting for his essential skills classes, including reading/language arts and math. Students who have an IQ this low rarely graduate with a high school diploma. They may be mainstreamed in regular classroom settings for classes like physical education, art, drama, and possibly even science and history, with huge modifications. For people who graduated around 2000, like JLM, the likelihood that a mentally disabled student would be completely mainstreamed in all classes, graduate with a regular high school diploma, and receive an athletic scholarship to a university is extremely unlikely. "Inclusion" or "least-restrictive learning environment" did not become standard until the past 5 years or so in most parts of the South. Terminology may vary from state to state, and possibly even categorizations of where the cut-off is for regular instruction with EC help vs. separate setting mentally disabled instruction, but what I've outlined is a general guideline in public schools.
So what is it I'm saying, in a nutshell? JLM may very well be learning disabled in written language, but the likelihood of his being of low IQ and meeting requirements for being mentally disabled, handicapped, "retarded," or whatever your terminology may be, is extremely slim.