I would argue that these are two independent decisions, and that the civil trial should not force a criminal defendant to take the stand against themself. (ok spellcheck says 'themself' is not a word, but I'll go with it nonetheless)
The decision to take the stand at a criminal trial should not hinge on a civil trial. As I said before, this is an end-run-around the fifth amendment by the police. What if he had decided not to take the stand at the criminal trial? Would the argument still be the same?
There are some very fundamental rights encoded in the U.S. judicial system. One is that no one should be forced to testify against oneself. Filing a civil action prior to a criminal one does exactly this.
No, filing a civil action prior to criminal trial does not infringe on constitutional rights. It has been addressed by the Supreme Court.
A little OT, but here's an (lengthy) explanation that might help understand the dynamics here:
Often in child welfare cases, children are removed from their parents because of some alleged criminal conduct by the parents - such as drug use, child abuse, child endangerment, etc. so criminal charges are brought and a dependency case is instituted to determine custody issues. The custody case has time limits so it usually draws to a conclusion before the criminal trial.
The parent has to decide whether to plead the 5th in the custody case and decline to testify in order to avoid incriminating themselves before their criminal trial. In a civil case, when a party pleads the 5th and declined to testify, the court may draw the reasonable negative inferences against the parent based on their refusal to testify.
The parent is not forced to waive his 5th amendment right - but relying on that right in a civil case will result in negative consequences -- the judge will infer that the parent did engage in the harmful conduct alleged. But the 5th amendment right is still in tact for their criminal trial.
I have had clients in this dilemma many times (I take court appointments in child welfare cases, so you don't get to choose your clients). If a client is not guilty or if they can possibly help themselves by telling their story and defending the charges - it's worthwhile for them to testify in their custody case and hopefully avoid having their parental rights terminated. Obviously if they testify in civil court, they might as well testify in he criminal trial too.
If they're guilty and opening their pie hole is going to get them convicted or help the prosecution, them they'll plead the 5th in the civil case, get a bad outcome but at least maintain a chance of acquittal on the criminal charges.
What I'm saying is the dilemma is really not such a dilemma because it's pretty clear whether they'll testify or not and it largely depends on their guilt - remember I'm just talking about situations where there are both civil and criminal cases proceeding out of the same allegations.
Jason's situation is very very strange - I have never ever had a situation where a parent would exercise a 5th amendment right against self incrimination in the custody case and subsequently testify in the criminal trial for the same behavior. Think about it - it really doesn't make sense. There's no reason to exercise that right in the civil case unless you intend to continually exercise the right throughout the criminal case.
But Jason did not affirmatively exercise the 5th A right in the civil cases. He defaulted one and settled another. We don't know why he defaulted - he said he didn't have the money to litigate. He wisely settled the custody case without ever having to assert the privilege.
He avoided participation in the civil suit without ever having to assert his constitutional right against self incrimination, and he testified at his criminal trial. There's not even a 5th amendment issue.