Just returning to comment on this, having listened to a detailed podcast about it, in Canada: there are two databases, GEDmatch and Family Tree, which provide users, when they sign up, the option to allow their own DNA to be used for police investigations, and that's what the perp DNA is initially compared with.As previously discussed, familial tracing is not legal in the UK...People have not consented to their DNA being used by police when they provided their samples to genealogy databases.
After some geneological research, investigators may contact an individual via a database, to ask them if they are willing to give consent for access to their own DNA to focus or confirm the narrowing of the search, and people usually say yes. But the research is also based on, eg location, to find someone who would have been in a location at the time of the crime.
IMO it is a miraculous investigative tool, no more sinister than CCTV cameras - which people also objected to when they first were widely installed, fearing they were a violation of personal privacy. Yet without them, so many recent crimes would be insolved.
JMO