In my earlier comments about the loans, I focused on what her "plan" was (to borrow more than the sale price, to theoretically rehab and sale the place), but I didn't spend enough time thinking of how she was able to get these loans. (I should have thought about it better, because I have done a lot of real estate deals over the years.) My bad.
But the lenders were not taking big risk! They were working from a different business model that did NOT necessarily depend on her success in rehabbing and selling the house in question. Instead, their "due diligence" would have been on the value of the real estate itself. If the loan went bad, they could take the real estate and sell it and get their money back. So if they had determined that the property was worth well more than the loan, their risk was minor.
Before the Midway Mansion, that is.
In all those other loans (by the chart provided), the primary lender was only lending a small portion of a home's value. As her personal financial situation was getting worse, they were willing to loan a smaller percentage. It was 40% at first, then 30% on later deals. For example, on a $150K-appraised home, they were only lending 60K, then later deals only 45K, and being guaranteed by a lien on a property worth $150K. The rehab loans were for 30% (usually) - one year for 40% - of the home's value. The rest of financing was cobbled together in year 1 from personal cash, HELOC, year 2 from a "loan" from Eric's company, year 3-4 from a combo of aunt Doreen and a hard money lender (MUCH higher APR and harsh penalties that are very expensive) and loans against "receivables" (robbing Peter to pay Paul, as the expression goes).
The loans themselves also cost money which added to the debt - the closing costs were always going to add a big chunk each time she did a loan to get cash value out of a property's value (and she was doing multiple loans on each property).
What was upside down wasn't the original loans themselves, but rather the "carry" on the properties, as she had to make payments on all these loans without having the money to do so, so she would take out another loan to pay what she needed to get caught up, plus a bit more. The mountain of actual debt kept getting bigger and bigger by doing it that way, and had grown to about 1.6M by the time she murdered ER (who conveniently had 1.35M in insurance on him to pay to her).
In theory, the Midway Mansion - if her sales pitch* had any truth to it - would have paid off her debt once it was rehabbed and sold, but she had a hard road of managing debt to be able to actually rehab and also to sell, and to do so as quick as she was committed to doing in her loan contracts. (* I suspect the sales pitch she gave potential buyer about how much she was looking at in profit was not something she was really envisioning doing herself, but rather an attempt to put lipstick on the pig and sell it at a sizable profit to someone else, who would do the work and make the supposedly big windfall.)
But the lenders were smart. The banks weren't really at major risk, because they made sure they had the security of the real estate. As long as the appraisal left them at virtually no risk if she defaulted, they were happy to see her.