There are? Can you please share them and cite them? I'm interested in reading these academic studies. I'm not being facetious.
I'll share:
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THE EVIL GENE[/SIZE][SIZE=-2]
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Could a monster be swimming in the human gene pool? http://rinr.fsu.edu/spring96/features/evil.html
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A 2002 study found that a particular variation of a gene predicted antisocial behavior in men who were mistreated as children. The gene controls whether we produce an enzyme called monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), which at low levels has been linked to aggression in mice. The researchers found that boys who were neglected and who possessed a variation of the gene that produced low levels of MAOA were more likely to develop antisocial personality disorder, commit crimes and grow up to have a violent disposition. But those living in a similar environment who produced more of the enzyme rarely developed these problems.
Psychopaths are arguably the evilest of the evildoers. A study published in August 2010 looked at psychopathic tendencies in teenagers with low socioeconomic resources. The researchers found that adolescents who had a variation of another gene, which contributes to how quickly serotonin is recycled in the brain and which has been linked to hostile behavior in children, were more likely to exhibit signs of psychopathy.
http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/do-genes-make-people-evil/
I know some of you are saying or inferring that the term "evil" is really about a supernatural or inherently religious belief. But that's not the only definition in the dictionary and we don't get to dictate definitions to everyone else, respectfully.
I believe in evil. I believe wholeheartedly that some people are evil. But as to whether they are "born that way", like some studies suggest, I'm not sure. I think that's probably too simplistic. Instead, I think the studies appear to show that some people are born with more of a propensity to be evil, than others.
I also think it is risky to both state that people are born that way and to pretend that evil does not exist or is just some superstitious, unthinking hocus pocus. The term denotes choice, really, even for those who some believe are born that way. It infers that the person who is evil knows right from wrong, can ultimately control themselves, but chooses not, due to a desire to benefit themselves or due to pleasure derived from the suffering of others.
If we are going to state that no one is evil, then I think we risk a slippery slope of unaccountability. Because the alternative to that is a manifestation of something the criminal cannot control, about how their brain works
and what they do with that brain.
The guy who murdered the Groene family - he's evil. He could control himself but chose not to. Hitler, Mengele, they were evil. They chose to do what they did. Their conduct was not a compulsion. It was not mandated by their brains.
Same with the monster who killed Susan Powell and her sons. And scott peterson. And casey anthony. There are so many examples of truly evil people, IMO.
Can children be evil? I certainly think they can do evil things. But I also think that depending on age and the severity of the crime, they are more amendable to rehabilitation, to actual change, to learning empathy, than others. Thus, the 8 year old who shoots his father dead because he finds his dad domineering may have a better chance of rehabilitation than a 15 year old who plans the gruesome and more up close and personal bludgeoning murders of his grandparents for fun (edmund kemper).
I'm not willing to give up on kids so easily. Even the most horrible ones. However, these girls scare me because they have a flat affect that may not be related to mental illness. To me it is too coincidental that two psychotic kids would meet and become friends and plan a murder and carry it out all the while no one realized they were both insane.
Nevertheless, I myself did a couple of horrible things at age 12 (nothing like murder), that I have never forgotten. Looking back, I understand why I did what I did, and I realize that it is possible for even an empathetic or sensitive kid do to something horrible that they later regret very much.
Of course when you start getting into the realm of pre-planning and serious criminal acts, like sexual assault, murder, then society has a need and a right to weigh the danger of release against the hope of rehabilitation.
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