Competence to Stand Trial
<1> "In 1994, the American Bar Association's Criminal Justice Mental Health Standards noted that 'the issue of present mental incompetence, quantitatively speaking, is the single most important issue in the criminal mental health field.' The most recent estimates are that between 24,000 and 60,000 forensic evaluations of criminal defendants for '"competence to stand trial' are performed every year in the United States." [The MacArthur Adjudicative Competence Study]
<2> It is well established matter of Constitutional law that the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment prohibits the criminal prosecution of a defendant who is not competent to stand trial. Drope v. Missouri, 420 U.S. 162 (1975); Pate v. Robinson, 383 U.S. 375 (1966). (In a dissenting opinion to a writ of certiorari denial, Justices Marshall & Kennedy note that: "It is well settled that, if evidence available to a trial judge raises a bona fide doubt regarding a defendant's ability to understand and participate in the proceedings against him, the judge has an obligation to order an examination to assess his competency, even if the defendant does not request such an exam." (citing both Drope and Pate v. Robinson)(Porter v. McKaskle, 466 U.S. 984 (1984)).
West Virginia, following Supreme Court cases, has long held that a person who is mentally incapacitated or mentally incompetent cannot be subject to a criminal prosecution. See State v. Harrison, 36 W.Va. 729, 15 S.E. 982 (1982); State v. Hatfield, 186 W.Va. 507, 413 S.E.2d 162 (1991).
http://myweb.wvnet.edu/~jelkins/crimlaw/notes/competence.html
.....................................................................................................
Treatment of persons found incompetent to stand trial
L Pendleton
Persons found incompetent to stand trial comprise the largest group of psychiatric patients committed to mental hospitals through the criminal justice system in the United States. The law dictates that these patients receive short-term treatment aimed specifically at enabling them to stand trial with as little delay as possible. The author describes the treatment and assessment aspects of a program that admits approximately 200 trial-incompetent persons each year. During 1978, 90% of the 205 patients discharged from this program were certified by the treatment staff as competent to stand trial; 97.5% of that group subsequently completed the trial process
http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/content/abstract/137/9/1098