We had a legal duty to pass on any safeguarding or behavioural issues to the next school - I’m amazed that this isn’t the case in the US system.
We do have something in America, or at least we do in NY.
It’s called the “permanent record” and follows them from kindergarten through 12th grade.
It’s a Manila envelope and some folders, and already very thick by the time the students have reached 8th grade, which is when I get them for my homeroom class.
It contains information and artifacts that are deemed important to show a child’s development through the years. What book was their favorite in second grade, a book illustration they drew in 3rd grade, commendations and awards that they’ve received, eye chart results, height and weight through the years, immigration records, attendance records, if they have food allergies etc.
It also has anecdotals, which do tell us about behavioral issues that have been documented throughout their school years. If they’ve been in fights, if they’ve been suspended, if they have demonstrated concerning behavior.
My job is to read those all prior to the incoming school year to familiarize myself with the students, and at the end of the year I have put in everything I’ve needed to add to the permanent record, as well as what high school they will be attending after graduation.
Then they’re bundled up and sent to the myriad of different high schools that have accepted them.
What it does NOT have is anything to do with matters that pertain to police involvement (typically that doesn’t occur before 6th grade or so) because those are sealed as juvenile records.