The spectrum of mental illness, mental health, and
are we all mad?
Since the year 2000, the term
mental illness has been replaced with
mental health. According to recent studies, we are all mad. All of us can experience events during our lives that are characterized as mental health issues; formerly labeled mental illness, such as "depression, anxiety, or suicidal ideation."
According to new terminology for mental illness, Nick is mentally ill because he suffers mental health issues. Is he mentally ill according to the original definition, where he should be sent downstream on the
ship of fools? Not likely. This is not only because he lives an "opulent life" (
per Nick interview), but because he has demonstrated that he can live a normal, healthy productive life when he chooses. At best, Nick experiences bouts of mental health issues, but not lifelong mental health/ illness.
Did Nick have a mental health issue in the moment that he murdered his parents? Of course. He had uncontrolled anger - defined today as a mental health issue. Does that remove responsibility for committing murder? Absolutely not.
"Narrenschiff: the ship of fools. This phrase is typically remembered as a literary trope today, but in the twelfth century this concept had a tangible counterpart. Towns, which were unable to treat the mentally ill, would round up the mentally ill and load them onto vessels before unceremoniously shipping them downstream.
...
In the December [2016] issue of
The Lancet Psychiatry, Dinesh Bhugra and colleagues
1 share their perception that the
use of the term “mental illness” has been phased out during the past 25 years, in favour of less stigmatising terms such as “mental health”.
"The history of madness paints a picture in which the madman has had their identity ascribed by varying parties over time. Prior to the Enlightenment, he was afflicted by the gods and therefore a helpless victim. As The Great Confinement spread across the western world, the madman was seen as having chosen unreason. Then, the madman existed as a danger to society. It was this very confinement that allowed the mad to be studied, thus making them subjects in a matter of global scientific discourse. Yet it was only in the modern era that the madman was seen as an ill patient, one whose condition was diagnosed by one set of artifacts and could treated by another.
...
To account for both the transient nature of mental conditions and the fact that truly anybody could benefit from psychiatric treatment at some point in their life, a spectral view of mental health and illness must be adopted. This perspective dispels the notion that mental health and illness exist in dichotomy and recognizes the reality that we may all experience periods of depression, anxiety, or suicidal ideation. Acceptance of these conditions as normal in that we are all vulnerable to them not only combats stigma, it encourages those who would otherwise suffer without aid for fear of admitting their illness.
...
The current understanding of normal behavior fails to encapsulate the nuanced nature of the mind and its conditions. Until a perspective that recognizes everyone as having the potential to benefit from psychiatric care gains widespread acceptance, stigmas against those with severe symptoms will persist while those with transient and minor symptoms will fail to receive the benefits of psychiatric care."