I brought up earlier the fact of how much time had passed between the PAT25 crew being told by the tower of the CRJ and how quickly the male pilot of the Blackhawk responded. I concluded this by listening to the Live ATC tapes online. This is affirmed in the preliminary report.
The times given is the time at the start of the transmission. The tower controller informed the PAT25 crew of the CRJ at 2046:02 and it would have taken about a second for the controller to give that information. The male pilot on the PAT25 responded at 2046:08 that he had the CRJ in sight. That only gives him about three or four seconds to find an airplane that is over 6 miles away and approximately 90 degrees off to their right. I have flown enough and been warned by controllers about other aircraft in my path to know that you cannot find an airplane that far away in that amount of time. This pilot was complacent and responded to the controller with what was needed to be said in order to continue on with their flight.
At 2046:02, a radio transmission from the tower was audible on flight 5342’s CVR informing PAT25 that traffic just south of the Wilson Bridge was a CRJ (flight 5342) at 1,200 ft circling to runway 33.
CVR data from the helicopter indicated that the portion of the transmission stating the CRJ was “circling” may not have been received by the crew of PAT25. The word “circling” is heard in ATC communications as well as the airplane’s CVR, but not on the helicopter’s CVR.
At 2046:08, the PAT25 crew reported that they had the traffic in sight and requested to maintain visual separation. The controller approved the request. At this time, the distance between the two aircraft was about 6.5 nm. Figure 2 shows each aircraft’s approximate position at 2046:02, when the controller first advised the crew of PAT25 of flight 5342.
This happens again when the controller again warned the PAT25 crew of the CRJ, with only a two second difference in the time before the male pilot of PAT25 responded with the same phase he has likley used hundreds of times before " traffic in sight, request visual separation"
At 2047:42, or 17 seconds before impact, a radio transmission from the tower was audible on both CVRs directing PAT25 to pass behind the CRJ. CVR data from the helicopter indicated that the portion of the transmission that stated “pass behind the” may not have been received by the PAT25 crew, as the transmission was stepped on by a 0.8-second mic key from PAT25.
In response, at 2047:44, the crew of PAT25 indicated that traffic was in sight and requested visual separation, which was approved by DCA tower. CVR data indicated that, following this transmission, the IP told the pilot they believed ATC was asking for the helicopter to move left toward the east bank of the Potomac.
JMO