The basics
* 35-40mm wide and 45-50mm high
* good quality colour on high quality paper, with no ink or marks on the image
* plain, light-coloured background (e.g. cream or pale blue but not white)
* appropriate brightness and contrast and show your skin tones naturally
* uniform lighting (no shadows across or behind the face), sharp focus and clear
The photograph must:
* show head and top of shoulders close up, so that the face measures between 32mm and 36mm from the bottom of the chin to the crown (ie top of head without hair)
* show your shoulders square on (not looking over shoulder)
* show your face square on (edges of face visible)
* show you looking straight at the camera (not tilted head)
* be taken with a neutral expression and your mouth closed (not laughing or frowning
* show your eyes open and clearly visible, (no hair in eyes).
https://www.passports.gov.au/web/requirements/photos.aspx