Insofar as RDI and IDI are in the same boat: any motive we attribute would be mere speculation. I'm confident with mine, but I'll be the first to admit that speculation is what it is.
HOTYH, you just made my day! I devoted an entire chapter to this very subject. The biggest problem is that it wasn't an official lie-detector test (which would have been suspect enough in my view); it was a test that they bought and paid for and would have kept going until they found one that they could pass.
As for the more specific problems, here we go:
It is possible to beat the machine. One way is substitution. If someone asks you a question, you just substitute the question in your mind with one you know is true. For example, if someone were to ask me, "is your name Dave," which they would do to establish a baseline, and I substituted that with "do I own a luxury yacht" and answered "no," it would come out as truthful.
Here's where the Ramseys come in. The first person they contacted was Gene Parker. He was interested, but said that he would have to insist on a drug test because the issue was so serious. He said he would pay, out of his own pocket, for a team of doctors and nurses to perform urine tests right on the premises. Lin Wood said he'd get back to Parker. Three hours later, he did. He told Parker they wouldn't need him. They found someone else who didn't require drug tests. Trouble is, Wood had already said on Larry King Live that they would submit to drug tests.
Jerry Toriello is a polygrapher based in New Jersey. The Ramseys settled on him. The Ramseys were put through a battery of tests by Toriello and neither John or Patsy was able to pass. The best Toriello could do for the Ramseys was label the tests, "inconclusive" and suggest they seek out the services of a different polygrapher The sting in that tale is that an expert polygrapher isn't supposed to give up that easily. If a test does come back inconclusive, the polygrapher will redouble his efforts, modifying the test questions to eliminate doubt. So you have to ask what made Toriello tell them to go elsewhere. Could it be that he was afraid "inconclusive" was the best he'd get? And that they'd only come out more deceptive if he tried again? But it will have to remain conjecture because whatever Toriello saw, he can't talk about it. When an attorney contracts for a polygraph test, he will have the examiner sign a confidentiality agreement. And Toriello has never spoken about it. We may never know for sure, but according to Ed Gelb, the polygrapher the Ramseys finally settled on, when you buy a polygraph test you specify the results you want. And if getting those results isn't possible, make sure the truth is protected from reaching the public. No attorney worth his retainer will have his client(s) take a polygraph without knowing how they're going to do; he doesn't want to be accused of malpractice.
Once Ed Gelb entered the picture, things got even weirder. Ed Gelb has served as president, executive director and chairman of the board of the American Polygraph Association and is an honorary fellow of the Academy of Certified Polygraphists. Gelb was trained in polygraph technique at the Backster School of Lie Detection, founded by Cleve Backster of San Diego. Gelb claims to have performed over 30,000 polygraph examinations. While Gelb may or may not be considered the foremost polygraph examiner in the country, he certainly is the most well-known, having appeared over the years on several TV programs. Once he got involved in this case, his background fell under scrutiny. Gelb claims to have received his doctorate from LaSalle University in Louisiana. That's bad, because LaSalle was found to be a fraud. Thomas Kirk, the man who founded LaSalle, was arrested by the FBI and was found guilty of fraud and sentenced to five years in federal prison. Kirk earned millions of dollars from people looking to obtain fraudulent college degrees at a discount rate with little or no actual course work needed. Sounds like the man who detects deception is a master of it himself. His main claim to fame is that he found several people who claimed to have been abducted by aliens to be truthful.
From a technical standpoint, the Ramsey polygraph had more problems. In her book And Justice For Some, Wendy Murphy points out that "a proper question should be short and shouldn't contain words that have loose meanings. For example, a good question would be 'did you kill JonBenet?' Not much wiggle room. Instead, the Ramseys were asked long, murky questions like 'Regarding JonBenet, do you know for sure who killed her?' Adding extra words and fuzzy terms like 'regarding' and 'for sure' gives the test subject's mind time and space to wander. Short direct questions force the subject to focus."
She also mentions a part of the polygraph that often is overlooked by those not in the know: the pre-test interview.
They went through extensive pre-test interviews. WF
It's not known today what the pre-test interview for the Ramseys was like, or if there even was one. During a pre-test interview, the examiner will, ideally, get the subject to focus. It's also a good opportunity for the examiner to show that he is aware of the facts of the case, which tells the subject, "don't try anything or I'll know." Lastly, it gets the subject's memory working. One gets the feeling this is what the Ramseys were afraid of when the FBI test was offered.
And at the end of the day, it took Patsy three attempts to get a reading close enough where Gelb could say she passed. Anybody can pass a test if they take it enough times. Like Chris Rock says, "Passed it. Got a 65!" Any halfway intelligent suspect can beat it when they have three years-plus practice time.
Yeah, that'll just about cover it!
And no one to match it to. DNA can only exclude suspects in cases of rape, and I mean in the classic sense, and even then if there was only one rapist and if the victim was not sexually active.
The DNA proved a male, an unknown male, left his DNA on JBR in several locations on her where he wasn't permitted to be, at the time she was murdered. She was strangled and died or was nearly dead when her skull was bludgeoned. The Ramsey's had/have no known reason or motive to strangle their daughter and then smash her skull. WF
Otherwise, DNA can only include suspects; it cannot exclude them. If ML didn't know that, then she was stupid. If she DID know it and went along anyway, then I can only imagine what her motivation was. Either way, she had no place making that call.
That's exactly my point, HOTYH: you have to have already decided that those areas ARE related to the crime in order to reach that conclusion. You IDIs like to trash on the police for making up their minds before they had evidence and then twisted the evidence to fit their theories. But you don't seem to have ANY problem when the people on YOUR side do it. I just want to know if any of you are ethical enough to actually call them on it objectively. Because the first one who does it will just about impress the HELL out of me.
Would you like a numbered list?