SUPERIOR COURT OF ARIZONA
MARICOPA COUNTY
CR2008*031021*001 DT 01/14/2015
CLERK OF THE COURT
HON. SHERRY K. STEPHENS K. Schermerhorn
Deputy
STATE OF ARIZONA JUAN M MARTINEZ
v.
JODI ANN ARIAS (001) KIRK NURMI
JENNIFER L WILLMOTT
CAPITAL CASE MANAGER
RULING
The Court has considered the defendants Motion to Dismiss the States Notice of Intent
to Seek the Death Penalty Due to Defendants Inability to Present a Complete Case for Life filed
September 26, 2014 (with attachments), the defendants Motion to Dismiss States Notice of
Intent to Seek the Death Penalty Due to Continued Misconduct filed October 1, 2014, the States
Objection to Motion to Dismiss States Notice of Intent to Seek the Death Penalty Due to
Defendants Inability to Present a Complete Case for Life filed October 6, 2014, the States
Objection to Defendants Motion to Dismiss Notice to Intent to Seek Death Penalty Due to
Continue State Misconduct filed October 10, 2014, Motion to Dismiss States Notice of Intent to
Seek the Death Penalty Due to Continue State Misconduct Supplement #1 filed October 24,
2014, the defendants Motion to Dismiss All Charges with Prejudice and/or in the Alternative to
Dismiss the States Notice of Intent to Seek the Death Penalty due to Recently Discovered
Purposeful and Egregious Prosecutorial Misconduct and Supplemental Containing Exhibit A,
both filed on November 10, 2014, the States Motion for Discover (Compaq Presario Computer)
filed November 13, 2014, the States Motion for Sanctions (Compaq Presario Computer) filed
November 16, 2014, the States Motion to Strike (Compaq Presario Computer) filed November
18, 2014, the States Objection to Defendants Motion to Dismiss All Charges with Prejudice
and/or in the Alternative to Dismiss the States Notice of Intent to Seek the Death Penalty Due to
Recently Discovered Purposeful and Egregious Prosecutorial Misconduct filed on November 20,
2014, the Defendants Response to States Motion for Sanctions and States Motion to Strike
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filed November 20, 2014, the Defendants Motion for Reconsideration: Motion to Dismiss
States Notice of Intent to Seek the Death Penalty Due to Defendants Inability to Present a
Complete Case for Life filed November 26, 2014, Objection to Defendants Motion for
Reconsideration: Motion to Dismiss States Notice of Intent to Seek the Death Penalty Due to
Defendants Inability to Present a Complete Case for Life filed December 1, 2014, the
Defendants Supplemental Motion to Dismiss all Charges with Prejudice and/or in the
Alternative to Dismiss the States Notice of Intent to Seek the Death Penalty Due to Recently
Discovered Purposeful and Egregious Prosecutorial Misconduct filed December 14, 2014, the
evidence presented at the evidentiary hearings conducted on November 21, 2014 and December
11, 2014, the exhibits admitted at the evidentiary hearing (Exhibits 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11,
and 12), the oral argument conducted on December 11, 2014, the Objection to Defendants
Supplemental Motion to Dismiss All Charges with Prejudice and/or in the Alternative to Dismiss
the States Notice of Intent to Seek the Death Penalty Due to Recently Discovered Purposeful
and Egregious Prosecutorial Misconduct filed on December 22, 2014, the supplemental exhibit
to the Defendants Motion for Reconsideration: Motion to Dismiss States Notice of Intent to
Seek the Death Penalty Due to Defendants Inability to Present a Complete Case for Life filed
November 26, 2014 (filed under seal on January 5, 2015), the Supplement to States Objection to
Defendants Motion for Reconsideration: Motion to Dismiss States Notice of Intent to Seek the
Death Penalty Due to Defendants Inability to Present a Complete Case for Life (with
attachment) filed January 7, 2015 the Reporters Transcript of Proceedings for Testimony of
Lonnie Dworkin dated February 4, 2013, the testimony of John Smith at the penalty phase retrial
on January 8, 2015 and January 14, 2015, the testimony of Detective Esteban Flores at the
penalty phase retrial on January 12, 2015, and the oral argument conducted on January 9, 2015.
Defendant seeks dismissal of all charges against her or, alternatively, the dismissal of the
Notice of Intent to Seek the Death Penalty, claiming there has been purposeful and egregious
prosecutorial misconduct.
Prosecutorial misconduct is not merely the result of legal error, negligence, mistake, or
insignificant impropriety, but, taken as a whole, amounts to intentional conduct which the
prosecutor knows to be improper and prejudicial. State v. Aguilar, 217 Ariz. 235, 172 P.3d 423
(App. 2007). To prove prosecutorial misconduct, the proponent must show : (1) the States
action was improper; and (2) a reasonable likelihood exists that the misconduct could have
affected the jurys verdict, thereby denying the defendant a fair trial. State v. Ramos, 235 Ariz.
230, 330 P.3d 987 (App. 2014); State v. Montano, 204 Ariz. 413, 65 P.3d 61 (2003); State v.
Atwood, 171 Ariz. 576, 832 P.2d 593 (1992). To prevail upon a claim of prosecutorial
misconduct, a defendant must demonstrate that the prosecutors misconduct so infected the trial
with unfairness as to make the resulting conviction a denial of due process. Prosecutorial
misconduct sufficient to justify reversal must be so pronounced and persistent that it permeates
the entire atmosphere of the trial. State v. Edmisten, 220 Ariz. 517, 207 P.3d 770 (2009). There
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is a distinction between simple prosecutorial error and misconduct that is so egregious that it
raises concerns over the integrity and fundamental fairness of the trial. State v. Minnitt, 203
Ariz. 431, 438, 55 P.3d774 (2002); Pool v. Superior Court, 139 Ariz. 98, 105, 677 P.2d 261, 268
(1984). Conduct is egregious when the material at issue was highly significant to the primary
jury issue with the potential to have an important effect on the jurys determination. Donnelly v.
DeChristoforo, 416 U.S. 637, 647 (1974). The prosecutor has a duty to learn of any favorable
evidence known to others acting on the governments behalf in the case, including the police. It
is the duty of the State as a whole to conduct prosecutions honorably and in compliance with the
law. Kyles v. Whitley, 514 U.S. 419, 437 (1995). The trial judge is in the best position to
determine the atmosphere of the trial, the circumstances surrounding the incident, the manner in
which any objectionable statement was made, and its possible effect on the jury and trial. State
v. Nelson, 229 Ariz. 180, 273 P.3d 632 (2012): State v. Koch, 138 Ariz. 99, 673 P.2d 297 (1983).
The prosecutor has wide discretion in deciding whether to seek the death penalty.
Allowing prosecutors the discretion to seek the death penalty is constitutional. State v. Roque,
213 Ariz. 193, 226, 141 P.3d 368 (2006); State v. Spears, 184 Ariz. 277, 291, 908 P.2d 1062
(1996).
Each allegation of prosecutorial misconduct claimed by Defendant Arias will be
discussed below.
1. Potential mitigation witnesses will not testify. Defendant claims possible mitigation
witnesses will not speak with defense counsel and others will not testify at the penalty
phase retrial for fear of reprisal and/or cyber*bullying. Defendant provided
affidavits to support her claim in the attachments to the Motion to Dismiss States
Notice of Intent to Seek the Death Penalty Due to Defendants Inability to Present a
Complete Case for Life filed under seal on September 26, 2014. In addition, the
Court has reviewed the information provided in the sealed supplements filed on
January 5, 2015 and January 7, 2015. In the defendants motion to reconsider filed
November 26, 2014, Defendant Arias argues the decision made by the Court of
Appeals on the special action has inhibited her ability to present a complete defense
of her life since potential defense witnesses cannot testify in sealed proceedings. This
Court disagrees. The ruling issued by the Court of Appeals does not address the
testimony of any witness other than the defendant.
There are many ways to address the concerns expressed by these potential witnesses.
For example, it is possible that testimony of a potential defense witness could be
provided through the testimony of another witness. (See A.R.S. § 13*751 (C), which
provides the prosecution or defendant may present any information that is relevant to
any mitigating circumstance regardless of its admissibility under the rules governing
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the admissibility of evidence in criminal trials.) In fact, that has occurred during the
penalty phase retrial. During the testimony of the defense expert witnesses, Dr.
Miccio Fonsecca and Dr. Robert Geffner, the defendant elicited information obtained
from some of the witnesses listed in the Motion to Dismiss States Notice of Intent to
Seek the Death Penalty Due to Defendants Inability to Present a Complete Case for
Life, filed under seal on September 26, 2014. Other options are available if a witness
is reluctant or refuses to appear and testify. Defendant could subpoena a witness to
appear in court. See A.R.S. § 13*4071(A)(D). The name of a witness could be sealed
to protect the privacy interests of that witness. Defendant could present information
from potential witnesses through the mitigation specialist. The testimony of
witnesses who testified at the first trial could be provided to the penalty phase jury
through transcripts or the video*recording made by the courts For the Record (FTR)
system. Alternatively, affidavits and video*taped statements of a witness could be
presented to the penalty phase retrial jury.
The Court finds the defendant has failed to establish any misconduct by the State
throughout the course of these proceedings that has impaired or hindered the
defendants ability to present mitigating evidence and/or prove mitigating factors
pursuant to A.R.S. § 13*751(C). The Court finds no ground for dismissal of the
indictment or the Notice of the Intent to Seek the Death Penalty based upon this
claim.
2. Text messages were not timely disclosed. The State provided text messages sent or
received by the victim in October 2010 after initially indicating to the defendant that
these text messages were not available. Defendant argues there was exculpatory
content within these electronic messages which was contrary to the testimony of
Detective Flores at a hearing conducted in June 2010. As noted in the defendants
motion filed October 1, 2014, many of the victims text messages and e*mails were
admitted in evidence during the first trial. The defendant has reviewed many of the
victims e*mails, text messages and g*mail messages in great detail with her expert
witnesses during the penalty phase retrial. Defendant has failed to establish the
failure to provide the victims electronic messages earlier than October 2010 was for
any reason other than the messages were not available due to technological issues.
The Court finds no ground for dismissal of the indictment or the Notice of the Intent
to Seek the Death Penalty based upon this claim.
3. Defendants rights were violated by the Maricopa County Sheriffs Office.
Specifically, Defendant alleges three incidents support her claim. First, Defendant
alleges her jail cell was searched by jail personnel in February 2014. Second, in
February 2014, the mitigation specialist was denied entrance to the jail after taking
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the defendants drawings with her after a jail visit. Jail personnel deemed the
drawings to be contraband. Finally, in May 2014, a legal document (a photocopy of a
book) was taken from the defendants cell during a jail search. Defendant suspects
the book was copied and provided to the prosecutor.
These matters were previously addressed by the Court. Defendant cannot show the
searches were other than routine searches conducted as part of security protocols at
the jail. Defendant cannot show any prejudice to her case as a result of these jail
searches. Defendant failed to provide any evidence to support her allegation that the
book taken from her cell was photocopied and/or provided to the prosecutor. With
regard to the mitigation specialist, the matter was resolved within a one week period
and the mitigation specialist was permitted to resume visits with the defendant. See
minute entry dated May 27, 2014. The Court finds no ground for dismissal of the
indictment or the Notice of the Intent to Seek the Death Penalty based upon these
claims.
4. Inconsistent testimony was given by Detective Flores regarding the sequence of
injuries sustained by the victim. The defendant argues it was prosecutorial
misconduct for the prosecutor to elicit testimony from the case agent, Detective
Esteban Flores, regarding the sequence of injuries sustained by the victim at the
Chronis hearing knowing his testimony was inconsistent with the testimony of the
medical examiner. In January 2013, the defendant sought a new probable causing
hearing (Chronis hearing) arguing that the testimony of Detective Flores at trial
warranted a new probable cause finding on the aggravating factor alleged by the
State. The Court denied the request for a new finding of probable cause by minute
entry dated January 10, 2013. Defendant filed a special action with the Arizona Court
of Appeals. The Court of Appeals declined jurisdiction.
During the guilt phase, the defendant cross*examined both Detective Flores and the
medical examiner about the sequence of wounds and the detectives testimony at the
probable cause hearing in August 2009. During the penalty phase retrial, the
defendant examined both Detective Flores and the medical examiner about these
issues. Detective Flores has testified and explained to both juries the reasons for his
testimony in August 2009. The medical examiner has testified regarding his expert
opinion on the sequence of wounds. It is for the jury to determine the credibility of
witnesses. The defendant fully explored and argued her position on the sequence of
wounds. The Court finds the defendant has failed to show any State misconduct with
regard to Detective Flores testimony. The Court finds no ground for dismissal of the
indictment or the Notice of the Intent to Seek the Death Penalty based upon this
claim.
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