Fowler had been in Canada for several months. This would have been ample time for him to acquire a properly registered rifle in Canada for adventure travel into the northlands and possible confrontation with bears, etc.
This is possible, but consider...
Fowler could carry a rifle at the ranch he was working at without a license (PAL) provided that he was under the “supervision” of someone with a PAL. In other words, he didn’t need a PAL for his job, and probably didn’t need a rifle anyway.
It costs about CAN$250 and completion of a gun safety course (not offered daily in cities, let alone up north) to get a PAL, and the RCMP says that the turnaround time, after completion of the course, is up to 90 days. In my experience, it’s about 60 days.
It costs money to purchase a rifle or shotgun and ammunition, Fowler being someone who was driving a 33 year old van. However, it is possible that he borrowed a gun from the ranch and just purchased ammunition.
It really isn’t obvious to me that Fowler, as a temporary visitor, would go to the trouble and expense of getting a Canadian gun license, etc.
In any event, if he had a PAL, the RCMP knows that, and probably knows if he had a gun.