I don't think there will be a vaccine and that is how we have to think going forward. There will still be a risk of catching it and we still do not know if those who get over it or get it mildly will be immune either. Why isn't this known yet? That's what I don't understand.
Everyone is entitled to medical help, even prisoners, so why are you saying this?
You can buy a book on Amazon or Audible that traces the history of a vaccine (polio or small pox - both have several popular books about them). It's not something that can be explained on WS. It's complex.
There are two main kinds of vaccines, both with (serious/fatal) risks in the testing group. Many doctors are organizing around the web to be those testers (and lots of other academics, nurses and retired nurses, and medical students and many others). But the tests have to include infants, children, etc., eventually.
When the vaccine is tested among adults in consenting groups over 21...then some of those people (usually academics, scientists, doctors, nurses, again) will consent for their kids to try it - because they truly believe they have informed consent. Have you been in such a trial? I have. But I was not able, as a mother, to allow my daughters to be in any.
So, we go to other countries with different standards, where people get a pittance for taking the vaccine and some person who is Bill Gates-like tries to make it work ethically, and well, we test it in India. There are entire books written about just this part - this is the part that fascinates me (that plus all the computer-based models they have to create just to input and then study this data - PM me if you want a short documentary about some aspects of this science).
The vaccine may never be invented - to understand why, you need to learn about basic genetics, mutations and how viral proteins work. The last part is beyond me - and I can PM you an article that I'm struggling to read, f you want to see what the research is like and why it's mindbogglingly complicated.
Some major vaccine experts, geneticists and virologists are hopeful though. If not a vaccine, perhaps some other semi-lasting method of mitigating symptoms in the ones who get symptoms.
Otherwise, we go to herd immunity and to be frank, that's what's causing the argument/discussion over 'opening.'