I have a question how do we know for sure that JC was using drugs? If it comes from someones FB page I don't buy it. I did see the photo she had on her's, but that doesn't mean she is still using. I can speak from the point of being a former MI CPS worker and I still work close with them. It is very hard for a family member to just go to court and get custody, yes CPS should have been called if family had seen the bruises or other marks, but I have this feeling, they kept clothes on him and made up a story was to why he had a mark on his head if any one asked. CPS does not alway get involved for weed, it is not a huge issue if the parent is taking care of the child's needs, ie... food, shelter, medical etc... There is a good chance if they came in only based on the drug thing, they may have found out about the other abuse if Carnell was not to scared to speak to a worker and disclose the abuse. They may have just put some services in, such has drug testing, and classes and maybe a in home parenting person. Now all of this usually takes place outside of the rez, however if anything CPS does goes to court it does not stay in reg MI courts, it would be transfered over to tribal court. I do know that CPS still stays involved until the case is closed or if the child would be removed, then it would be switched to a fostercare worker to over see.
I also was wondering if JC's mom has provided a great deal of care for him, why was he not placed with her when he was removed as baby? If JC's mom had any involvement with CPS when JC was growing up that could be the reason, they will not place a child in a home if there has been prior abuse. I am not stating that JC mom has had that happen just stating the way CPS works.