This is the California code:
For someone to be placed in a 72-hour hold, they must meet one of
three criteria. The professional must believe that there is
probable cause that, due to a mental health disorder, the individual is at least one of the following:
- A danger to themselves (e.g., following a suicide attempt);
- A danger to others (e.g., communicating a specific plan to harm someone else);
- Gravely disabled, that is, as a result of a mental health and/or a severe substance use disorder, they are unable to provide for their basic personal needs for food, clothing, shelter, personal safety, or necessary medical care. (Learn more about this here.)
The person placed in a 72-hour hold
must be advised of their rights. This means the authority taking them into custody must complete paperwork stating the
circumstances under which the person's condition was called to the attention of the designated professional
; the
probable cause to believe the person meets one or more of the criteria; and
the facts upon which this probable cause is based.
Mere conclusions without supporting facts are not sufficient.
According to the LPS Act, when someone is first taken into custody:
...[they] shall be provided, by the person who takes him or her into custody, the following information orally in a language or modality accessible to the person. If the person cannot understand an oral advisement, the information shall be provided in writing. The information shall be in substantially the following form:
"My name is [name of professional]. I am a [peace officer/mental health professional] with [name of agency]. You are not under criminal arrest, but I am taking you for an examination by mental health professionals at [name of facility]. You will be told your rights by the mental health staff."
In California, the involuntary commitment of individuals in mental health care facilities is governed by the Lanterman-Petris-Short (LPS) Act. It's also
namisonomacounty.org
So you see here in California we can't successfully call to have a neighbor committed, because he or she is suicidal. A professional has to determine probable cause.